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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(3,supl.1): 1-104, Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887936
2.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(1): 96-99, Jan-Mar/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705797

ABSTRACT

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a serious disease, in which the mother produces antibodies against fetal platelet antigens inherited from the father; it is still an underdiagnosed disease. This disease is considered the platelet counterpart of the RhD hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, yet in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia the first child is affected with fetal and/or neonatal thrombocytopenia. There is a significant risk of intracranial hemorrhage and severe neurological impairment, with a tendency for earlier and more severe thrombocytopenia in subsequent pregnancies. This article reports a case of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia in the second pregnancy affected and discusses diagnosis, management and the clinical importance of this disease.


A púrpura trombocitopênica neonatal aloimune é uma doença grave, na qual a mãe produz anticorpos contra antígenos plaquetários fetais herdados do pai, e é ainda subdiagnosticada na prática clínica. É considerada o equivalente plaquetário da doença hemolítica do recém-nascido, com a diferença que o primeiro filho é afetado, apresentando trombocitopenia fetal e/ou neonatal. Há risco significativo de hemorragia intracraniana e sequelas neurológicas graves, com tendência a trombocitopenia mais grave e mais precoce nas gestações subsequentes. Este artigo relata um caso de trombocitopenia aloimune neonatal na segunda gestação afetada e discute diagnóstico, manejo e importância clínica dessa doença na prática clínica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune/therapy , Antigens, Human Platelet/genetics , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Intracranial Hemorrhages/prevention & control , Intracranial Hemorrhages , Platelet Count , Risk Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune , Ultrasonography, Prenatal
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 96(3,supl.1): 1-68, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-588887
4.
Diagn. tratamento ; 15(4)out.-dez. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-577626

ABSTRACT

Esta revisão de 18 trabalhos mostrou que houve redução significante dos eventos trombóticos e da mortalidade com o emprego dos equipamentos portáteis. Embora tenha sido demonstrada diferença entre o autocontrole (quando o próprio paciente determinava a conduta terapêutica) e a automonitorização (quando o paciente somente quantificava o INR e transmitia o resultado para seu médico) quanto à redução de novos eventos tromboembólicos e sangramentos maiores, demonstrou-se melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes sob uso de dicumarínicos. Contudo, por vários motivos, essa auto avaliação não pode ser aplicada por todos os pacientes. Porém, sabe-se que existem vários aparelhos portáteis, com diferentes sensibilidades e custos diversos, e os autores não esclarecem quais os equipamentos usados e se foram observadas diferenças entre eles. De qualquer maneira, esta revisão mostra que o uso dos equipamentos portáteis é uma condição que pode alterar e melhorar a evolução clínica dos pacientes sob tratamento com drogas antagonistas da vitamina K e abre perspectivas para outros trabalhos avaliando diferenças de impacto econômico entre a avaliação tradicional e a realizada com aparelhos portáteis e também entre os diferentes aparelhos atualmente disponíveis no mercado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Monitoring, Physiologic
5.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 32(6): 463-468, 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-574796

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A hiperagregação (agregação excessiva) das plaquetas pode causar a formação de um trombo e a posterior oclusão dos vasos sanguíneos levando à isquemia. Esse fenômeno é responsável por doenças isquêmicas cardiovasculares, como angina pectoris e aterosclerose, bem como outras formas de isquemia, como o acidente vascular cerebral. Visando diminuir a função das plaquetas para reduzir a formação de trombos, o ácido acetilsalicílico vem sendo utilizado para tratamento antitrombótico, com diversos estudos mostrando sua eficácia. Dessa forma faz-se mister o uso de uma ferramenta laboratorial para o monitoramento da efetividade do tratamento, o que é feito por meio do teste de agregação plaquetária. O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar duas metodologias para esse exame (impedância elétrica e turbidimetria) em relação a trinta pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos em uso do fármaco. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostraram uma boa correlação entre os métodos, possibilitando o uso concomitante de ambas as técnicas em laboratórios clínicos de rotina.


INTRODUCTION: Hyperaggregation of platelets can cause the formation of thrombi and subsequent occlusion of blood vessels leading to ischemia. This phenomenon can be responsible for ischemic cardiovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and atherosclerosis as well as other forms of ischemia such as stroke. To decrease platelet function and reduce the formation of thrombi, acetylsalicylic acid has been used for antithrombotic treatment, with several studies showing its effectiveness. Therefore it is necessary to use a laboratory tool to monitor the effectiveness of treatment, which is achieved through laboratory testing of platelet aggregation. The aim of this study was to compare two different methods (impedance and turbidimetry) to test platelet aggregation in 30 adult patients of both genders taking acetylsalicylic acid. CONCLUSION: The results show that there is a good correlation between these two methods and so both these techniques can be used in the clinical routine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aspirin , Blood Coagulation , Collagen , Electric Impedance , Nephelometry and Turbidimetry , Platelet Aggregation
6.
Clinics ; 64(9): 891-895, 2009. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-526329

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the participation of the coagulation system in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions. INTRODUCTION: Imbalance between immunologic and metabolic factors triggers a sequence of events resulting in pleural reactions and accumulation of fluid. The coagulation system, which is fundamental for the maintenance of homeostasis, contributes to the inflammatory process responsible for pleural effusions, and participates in cellular proliferation and migration as well as in the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. METHODS: We evaluated the laboratory profile of coagulation and fibrinolysis in 54 pleural fluids (15 transudates and 39 exudates). RESULTS: The coagulation system acts according to the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the development of pleural effusions. In inflammatory effusions (exudates), there is activation of coagulation with increased levels of fragment 1+2 and thrombin-antithrombin complex in addition to reduction of fibrinogen levels due to fibrinolysis and fibrin tissue incorporation. As a consequence, there is activation of the fibrinolytic system with increased levels of fibrin degradation products, including the D-dimer. These changes are not sufficient for differentiation of different subgroups of exudates. In transudates, these events were observed to a lesser degree. CONCLUSION: The coagulation system plays an important role in the development of pleural diseases. Coagulation tests show differences between transudates and exudates but not among exudate subgroups. Understanding the physiopathological mechanisms of pleural disorders may help to define new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Coagulation/physiology , Exudates and Transudates/chemistry , Fibrinolysin/analysis , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Pleural Effusion/blood , Pleural Effusion/etiology
7.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 44(1): 127-132, jan.-mar. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-484375

ABSTRACT

Croton celtidifolius Baill is a tree found in the Atlantic Forest South of Brazil, mainly in Santa Catarina. The bark and leaf infusions of this medicinal plant have been popularly used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The anti-aggregant activity of C. celtidifolius crude extract (CE) and the column chromatography (CC) isolated compounds flavonoids, catechin and gallocatechin were evaluated in human blood platelets. The platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was incubated with different concentrations of flavonóides (50 - 200 µg/mL) to be tested before platelet aggregation was induced by the agonists adenosine 5'diphosphate (ADP) and collagen. At 200 µg/mL the CE, catechin and gallocatechin markedly inhibited platelet aggregation with the aggregant agents. Using ATP production as an index of platelet secretory capacity, we observed a decreased production of ATP in platelets treated with flavonoids when stimulated by collagen. On the other hand, the flavonoids did not promote inhibitory effect on prothrombin time (PT), thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT). In conclusion, these observations suggest that C. celtidifolius is likely to exert an inhibitory action on platelets in vitro by suppressing secretion and platelet aggregation.


Croton celtidifolius Baill é uma árvore encontrada na Mata Atlântica, no sul do Brasil, principalmente no estado de Santa Catarina. A infusão da casca e folhas dessa planta medicinal é utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias. A atividade antiagregante do extrato bruto de C. celtidifolius (CE) e de seus flavonóides isolados por coluna cromatográfica (CC), catequina e galocatequina, foi avaliada em plaquetas humanas. O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) foi incubado com diferentes concentrações dos flavonóides testados (50 - 200 µg/mL) e posteriormente a agregação foi induzida pelos agonistas adenosina 5'difosfato (ADP) e colágeno. Na concentração de 200 µg/mL o CE, a catequina e a galocatequina inibiram a agregação plaquetária induzida pelos agonistas. A produção de ATP foi utilizada como um índice de capacidade de secreção plaquetária e observamos uma diminuição na produção de ATP nas plaquetas tratadas com os flavonóides e estimuladas com o colágeno. Por outro lado, os flavonóides não promoveram um efeito inibitório no tempo de protrombina (PT), tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (APTT) e tempo de trombina (TT). Essas observações sugerem que o C. celtidifolius exerce, in vitro, uma ação inibitória nas plaquetas através da inibição da secreção e agregação plaquetária.


Subject(s)
Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , Platelet Aggregation , Catechin , Flavonoids
8.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 58(1): 5-8, Jan.-Feb. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-335223

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Noonan syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, and bleeding diathesis is considered part of the clinical findings. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of hemostatic abnormalities in a group of Noonan syndrome patients. METHOD: We studied 30 patients with clinical diagnosis of Noonan syndrome regarding their hemostatic status consisting of bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time tests, a platelet count, and a quantitative determination of factor XI. RESULTS: An abnormal laboratory result was observed in 9 patients (30 percent). Although coagulation-factor deficiencies, especially factor XI deficiency, were the most common hematological findings, we also observed abnormalities of platelet count and function in our screening. CONCLUSIONS: Hemostatic abnormalities are found with some frequency in Noonan syndrome patients (30 percent in our sample). Therefore, we emphasize the importance of a more extensive hematological investigation in these patients, especially prior to an invasive procedure, which is required with some frequency in this disorder


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Coagulation Disorders , Noonan Syndrome/blood , Blood Coagulation , Factor XI Deficiency , Hematologic Tests , Hemorrhagic Disorders , Noonan Syndrome/complications
9.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 49(1): 23-29, jan.-mar. 2001. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-321896

ABSTRACT

Os pacientes que apresentam distúrbios da coagulaçäo como a hemofilia e necessitam de tratamento restaurador odontológico em dentes posteriores inferiores (molares e pré-molares), apresentam contra-indicaçäo para a anestesia pterigo-mandibular e a utilizaçäo da técnica anestésica Ca-Zoe consiste na restauraçäo destes dentes sem a necessidade de reposiçäo de hemoderivados aos pacientes hemofílicos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anesthesia, Dental/methods , Anesthesia, Dental , Dental Care for Chronically Ill
10.
São Paulo med. j ; 115(3): 1448-51, May-Jun. 1997. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-201565

ABSTRACT

Platelet aggregation was studied in a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia immediately after aphereis selective for low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a lipid-lowering procedure. This treatment reduced plasmatic levels of total and LDL-cholesterol, apo B, and triglyceride. Increased platelet aggregation was reduced immediately after the apheresis in whole blood as well as in platelet-rich plasma. However, aggregation in washed platelets remained unchanged after LDL-apheresis. In conclusion, in this patient reduction of LDL-cholesterol improved platelet function in the very short term.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Blood Component Removal , Platelet Aggregation , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/therapy , Lipoproteins, LDL , Time Factors , Triglycerides/blood , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood
12.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 15(4): 155-8, jul.-ago. 1993. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-172157

ABSTRACT

Realizou-se estudo seqüencial em 72 gestantes prímigestas, com a finalidade de observar o número, a agregaçao e a adesividade plaquetáría naquelas que desenvolviam a doença hipertensiva específica da gestaçao. Entre as gestantes estudadas, 12 desenvolveram pré-eclâmpsia e, comparadas às gestantes normais, apresentaram os seguintes resultados: diminuiçao da contagem de plaquetas e da agregaçao plaquetáría com adrenalina e aumento da adesividade plaquetária. Os resultados obtidos sugerem a ativaçao das plaquetas na doença hipertensiva específica da gestaçao.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Hypertension , Platelet Adhesiveness , Platelet Aggregation , Platelet Count , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular , Gestational Age , Platelet Activation , Prospective Studies
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